It's actually way simpler than that: the owners of a company facing crisis have the choice between providing it with additional liquidity or putting its future (and thus their stake) at risk. This is the one core manifestation of the risk they are bearing, and for which they allegedly deserve the dividends in the first place.

Getting a dividend for last year's performance is the opposite of providing liquidity. If they get the cash because it was scheduled, they need to immediately put it back. If they take the cash and run, they failed to act in their own interest, and do not deserve to have their investment protected.