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Wonderfully scary. Scientists have two theories: water is getting in, causing startup. And, water isn't getting in, preventing dampening down.

Ie, they have no idea. Both A and not-A are being hypothesised.

The meetings must be quite confrontational. If only we had two Chernobyl to run A/B testing on.



It's not a case of them having no idea but that the instrumentation effort necessary to map out where water was relative to neutron flux sources in the corium would be hugely expensive and serve no practical benefit to safety. So unless some EU grant lets a uni team spend a few million euro getting equipment in there to come to be a clearer understanding that results in the same overall answer of whether or not it's a new safety risk ("no"), it's a curiosity.

Managing neutron flux in a deliberately designed structure via water immersion is what nuclear operators do every day on water-moderated reactors. But the core is no longer in a designed state, it's a combination of portions of the fuel mixed with all the other metals and bits of concrete from the lower portion of the reactor.

The people monitoring know basically what it's doing, but they give considered answers like ""Based on predictive estimates, it is expected that in the future there will be an increase in the neutron flux density, which will be determined by the process of moisture loss" -- Ukraine's Institute For Safety Problems Of Nuclear Power Plants


I don't think there's much controversy about keeping water out. The main scenario to avoid is a bunch of water flashing into steam (when the nuclear reactions suddenly ramp up, for whatever reason) and blowing everything wide open again.


It could be something else [1]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X_the_Unknown


This is also my usual comeback to false dichotomies.

(and of course, the science is good, they aren't stupid, and both A and not-A can be true, and not in conflict in the wider scheme of things-going-wrong-in-chernobyl)


You have to hypothesise both A and not-A. If you can rule out A then you know not-A is true.

(Or you reject the Law of the Excluded Middle, but that's not cool.)


Well really the hypotheses are "A causes B" and "not A causes B" which does actually leave a third case "A and B are independent".


Which leaves a rather large set of N causes B's


Maybe water is getting in and out at differing rates




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